Captions provided by CCTubes – Captioning the Internet! In the midst of a volcanic eruption, lightning can streak across the ash and smoke above it, but what do we think causes volcanic lightning?
Hosted by: Stefan Chin
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Sources:
http://www.u.arizona.edu/~afutrell/404b/web%20rdgs/pliny%20on%20vesuvius.htm
https://books.google.com/books?id=awH1TPYkKqMC&lpg=PP1&pg=PT208#v=onepage&q&f=false
http://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog.php?isbn=9780674045866
https://smile.amazon.com/Historians-Ancient-Rome-Anthology-Sourcebooks/dp/0415527163
http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20150323-what-is-a-dirty-thunderstorm
http://volcano.oregonstate.edu/book/export/html/369
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-19608-3
http://digre.pmf.unizg.hr/2590/
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10712-006-9007-2
https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/geology/article/42/1/79/131368/experimental-generation-of-volcanic-lightning
https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/2015GL067445
https://www.livescience.com/4400-lightning-strikes-mouths-volcanoes.html
https://www.theguardian.com/science/2004/dec/09/science.research
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00445-010-0393-4
https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2011JB008651
https://archive.org/details/volcanoeswhatth01juddgoog
https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/2016GL068076
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0377027386900260
https://s3.amazonaws.com/academia.edu.documents/46706940/Total_water_contents_in_volcanic_eruptio20160622-25938-qojcp1.pdf?AWSAccessKeyId=AKIAIWOWYYGZ2Y53UL3A&Expires=1522195252&Signature=rfLqcuD7D1Yl8ahHu8j0MZoRgrc%3D&response-content-disposition=inline%3B%20filename%3DTotal_water_contents_in_volcanic_eruptio.pdf [PDF]
https://pubs.usgs.gov/gip/msh/ash.html
https://www.livescience.com/54443-how-volcanic-lightning-works.html
https://www.seeker.com/volcanic-lightning-how-does-it-work-1767366798.html
Images:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Dankaerts-Historis-9322.tif
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Galunggung.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Eyjafjallaj%C3%B6kull_by_Terje_S%C3%B8rgjerd.jpg
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Volcano_at_Mount_St._Helens.jpg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Rinjani_1994.jpg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:MSH82_st_helens_plume_from_harrys_ridge_05-19-82.jpg
